The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
My essay:
The diagram illustrates the process of generating electric power.
Overall, it is clear that there are five main steps in the process of harnessing energy from flowing water. The process begins with the stage of storing water in a reservoir and ends at the phase of transferring electricity.
As the picture displays, water is first kept in a large reservoir behind a hydroelectric dam. In the reservoir, there is an intake system that controls the flow of water. When the intake system is opened, the water from the reservoir flows through it into a penstock. This is a kind of narrow channel, which leads to the turbine below.
The force of water causes the turbine to rotate rapidly, which in turn drives the generator to spin and produce electricity. Noticeably, after passing through the turbine, the water empties into the river below the dam. Finally, the electricity is carried the long distances from the powerhouse to substations on the outskirts of cities via power lines.
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